- A Reference for Creating 2D and 3D Images -
B.J. Korites
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Book Details
Price
|
4.00 |
|---|---|
Pages
| 365 p |
File Size
|
10,569 KB |
File Type
|
PDF format |
ISBN-13
| 978-1-4842-3377-1 (pbk) 978-1-4842-3378-8 (electronic) |
Copyright©
| 2018 by B.J. Korites |
B.J. Korites has been involved in engineering and scientific
applications of computers for his entire career. He has
been an educator, consultant, and author of more than
ten books on geometric modelling, computer graphics,
artificial intelligence, simulation of physical processes,
structural analysis, and the application of computers
in science and engineering. He has been employed by
Northrop Corporation, the Woods Hole Oceanographic
Institute, Arthur D. Little, Itek, and Worcester Polytech.
He has consulted for Stone and Webster Engineering, Gould Inc, Wyman Gordon, CTI
Cryogenics, the US Navy, Aberdeen Proving Grounds, and others. Early in his career he
developed mathematics and software that would find physical interferences between
three-dimensional solid objects. This found wide application in the design of nuclear
power plants, submarines, and other systems with densely packed spaces. He enjoys
sailing and painting maritime landscapes in oils. He holds degrees from Tufts and Yale.
About the Technical Reviewer
Andrea Gavana has been programming in Python for
almost 15 years and dabbling with other languages since the
late nineties. He graduated from university with a Master’s
degree in Chemical Engineering, and he is now a Senior
Reservoir Engineer working for Maersk Oil in Copenhagen, Denmark.
Andrea enjoys programming at work and for fun, and
he has been involved in multiple open source projects, all
Python-based. One of his favorite hobbies is Python coding,
but he is also fond of cycling, swimming, and cozy dinners
with family and friends.
Table of Contents
About the Author .............
About the Technical Reviewer ..............
Acknowledgments ....
Chapter 1: Essential Python Commands and Functions
1.1 Programming Style 2
1.2 The Plotting Area 3
1.3 Establishing the Size of the Plotting Area 4
1.4 Importing Plotting Commands 6
1.5 Displaying the Plotting Area 8
1.6 T he Plotting Grid 8
1.7 Saving a Plot 8
1.8 G rid Color 9
1.9 T ick Marks 9
1.10 Custom Grid Lines 11
1.11 L abelling the Axes 13
1.12 T he Plot Title 14
1.13 C olors 15
1.13.1 C olor Mixing 16
1.13.2 C olor Intensity 19
1.14 O verplotting 20
1.15 B ackground Color 23
1.16 T he Plotting Area Shape 23
1.17 How to Correct Shape Distortions 26
1.17.1 Applying a Scale Factor When Plotting 27
1.17.2 The Best Way: Scaling the Axes in plt.axis( ) 27
1.18 Coordinate Axes 29
1.19 Commonly Used Plotting Commands and Functions 30
1.19.1 Points and Dots Using scatter( ) 31
1.19.2 Lines Using plot( ) 32
1.19.3 Arrows 33
1.19.4 Text 34
1.19.5 Lists, Tuples, and Arrays 36
1.19.6 Arrays 41
1.19.7 arange( ) 42
1.19.8 range( ) 43
1.20 S ummary 43
Chapter 2: Graphics in Two Dimensions
2.1 Lines from Dots 45
2.2 Dot Art 50
2.3 Circular Arcs from Dots 52
2.4 Circular Arcs from Line Segments 59
2.5 C ircles 60
2.6 D ot Discs 64
2.7 E llipses 68
2.8 2D Translation 75
2.9 2 D Rotation 78
2.10 Summary 100
Chapter 3: Graphics in Three Dimensions
3.1 The Three-Dimensional Coordinate System 101
3.2 Projections onto the Coordinate Planes 104
3.3 Rotation Around the y Direction 106
3.4 Rotation Around the x Direction 109
3.5 Rotation Around the z Direction 111
3.6 Separate Rotations Around the Coordinate Directions 113
3.7 Sequential Rotations Around the Coordinate Directions 121
3.8 Matrix Concatenation 129
3.9 Keyboard Data Entry with Functional Program Structure 133
3.10 Summary 141
Chapter 4: Perspective
4.1 Summary 152
Chapter 5: Intersections
5.1 Line Intersecting a Rectangular Plane 153
5.2 Line Intersecting a Triangular Plane 166
5.3 Line Intersecting a Circle 181
5.4 Line Intersecting a Circular Sector 181
5.5 Line Intersecting a Sphere 187
5.6 Plane Intersecting a Sphere 196
5.7 S ummary 201
Chapter 6: Hidden Line Removal
6.1 Box 203
6.2 Pyramid 212
6.3 Planes 218
6.4 Sphere 225
6.5 S ummary 233
Chapter 7: Shading
7.1 Shading a Box 236
7.2 Shading a Sphere 246
7.3 Summary 253
Chapter 8: 2D Data Plotting
8.1 Linear Regression 265
8.2 Function Fitting 269
8.3 Splines 275
8.4 Summary 283
Chapter 9: 3D Data Plotting
9.1 3D Surfaces 297
9.2 3D Surface Shading 305
9.3 Summary 319
Chapter 10: Demonstrations
10.1 Saturn 321
10.2 Solar Radiation 331
10.2.1 Photons and the Sun 331
10.2.2 Max Planck’s Black Body Radiation 333
10.2.3 The Sun’s Total Power Output 334
10.3 Earth’s Irradiance 344
10.3.1 The Earth Sun Model 346
10.4 Summary 351
Appendix A: Where to Get Python ....... .......... 353
Appendix B: Planck’s Radiation Law and the Stefan-Boltzmann Equation ........... 355
Index . ........................ 359
Bookscreen
Acknowledgments
I would like to thank my wife, Pam, for her patience during the many long days and
nights that I spent writing this book and for her understanding of the distant stare I
sometimes had while off in another world thinking of math and Python, two of life’s great
joys. I would also like to thank everyone at Apress, especially editors Todd Green and Jill
Balzano, who made the production of this book a fast and seamless process.