Linux Basic Commands

LINUX CODE 

BASIC CODE COMMANDS LINUX

alias: Allows you to set aliases and view the current aliases.

awk: Search for a pattern within a file.

alien: Converts .tgz and rpm's to .deb format.

banner: Prints characters as a poster.

badblocks: Searches a device for bad blocks.

biff: Turns mail notification on and off.

bg: move a job running in the foreground to the background.

bzip2: Used to compress and decompress files. Similar to gzip.

cardctl: Used to control PCMCIA cards.

cfdisk: Used to partition a hard disk.

cp: Copy

chattr: Changes the attributes of a file or folder.

chroot: Change the root directory for a command.

chmod: Used to change permissions on a directory or file.

chown: Used to change the owner of a file or directory.

chgrp: Used to change the group a file belongs to.

clear: Clears the screen

cpio: Copies file.

cat: Displays the content of a file

chpasswd: Used to change a large number of passwords at once.

cd: Changes directories.

chage: Sets password aging parameters.

cal: Displays a calendar.

cron: Used to execute commands at a certain time.

crontab: Allows you to view or edit the current cron jobs.

dselect: A graphical front end for dpkg.

dpkg: Installs packages on debain distro's.

date: Prints current date to the screen

du: Lists disk usage in a directory.

df: Reports disk usage information. df -h

dmesg: Used to view the kernel boot file.

dump: Used for backing up.

edquota: Sets quotas for specific users.

env: Lists current environment variables.

fdisk: Used to create/edit/delete partitions.

fsck: Checks a file system for consistency.

fg: Used to send jobs to the background.

fuser: Checks to see what processes and users have open files.

find: Searches for a file.

free: Will show total memory, used memory, and free memory.

gcc: Used to compile C, Assembler, and Preprocessed C source.

gpasswd: Used to set a password for a group.

grep: Used to search through a file for a specified pattern.

getty: Set terminal type, modes, speed, and line discipline

groupadd: Create new group account.

groupdel: Deletes a group.

groupmod: Used to modify a group.

groups: Shows what groups a user is part of.

gunzip: Uncompress files compressed by gzip.

head: Displays the first 10 lines of a file to the screen.

hdparm: Gets disk information.

history: Lists recently executed commands.

host: Used to get DNS info.

htpasswd: Allows you to set usernames and passwords for your websever.

id: Display information about yourself or another user.

insmod: Installs modules.

init: Used to change run levels.

isapnp: Sets up ISA cards.

icmpinfo: Intercept and interpret ICMP packets

jobs: Used to show jobs running in the background.

join: Join lines of two sorted.

kill: Used to kill a process.

killall: Kill processes by command name.

kernelcfg: A graphical application configures Linux.

klogd: Control which kernel messages.

linuxconf: A command line GUI which lets you configure your linux

lpc: Used to control a line printer.

lpq: View the print spool queue.

lpr: Send files to the printer spool queue.

ls: Displays a directories contents.

ln: Used to create hard and symbolic links.

less: Display the contents of a file

locate: Search for a file or directory.

ldd: Shows what shared libraries a program is dependent on.

ldconfig: Used to configure/view shared libraries.

last: Lists logins and reboots.

lastlog: Print the last login times for system accounts.

lsmod: Lists loaded modules.

lsattr: Lists the attributes for a file or folder.

logrotate: Used to manipulate log files.

mount: Used by itself, reports the currently mounted files.

modinfo: Give info about the module.

modprobe: Queries modules.

man: Displays the Man page for a given command.

mesg: Used to allow/not allow 'write'.

manpath: Attempts to determine the path to a man page.

mail: Used to send and receive mail.

mkdir: Make directory

mke2fs: Used to format a partition with the Ext2 file system.

mv: Move/Rename

merge: Merge multiple files together.

more: Lets you page through text one screen full at a time.

minicom: Great utility for troublshooting a modem.

mkbootdisk: Used to make a boot disk.

ntsysv: Used to select what services should automatically start.

nice: Used to set process priorities.

nslookup: Used to get DNS info from name servers.

netstat: Shows active sockets.

ps: Displays current processes

ping: Used to test connectivity between two hosts.

pwd: Present Working Directory

pwconv: Used to set up the /etc/shadow file.

pnpdump: Determines settings for existing ISA cards.

quota: Allows users to view their own disk quotas.

quotaon: Turns on disk quotas for the system.

quotaoff: Turns off disk quotas for the system.

repquota: Provides reports of disk usage for various users.

rmmod: Removes modules.

rm: Remove

rmdir: Remove directory

rpm: (RedHat flavors only)Used to install RPM's

rpcinfo: Used to see what rpc services are available.

route: Used to view/change routes between you and other hosts.

smbclient: Used to connect to Windows shares or Samba.

smbadduser: Maps linux user names to Windows NT user names.

smbpasswd: Used to update the smbpasswd file with new accounts.

set: Used to read and write variables.

setquota: Used to set disk quotas.

sort: Sorts lines in a file by alphabetical order.

sndconfig: Used to probe and configure a sound card.

su: Change to Super User (root).

spell: Checks for spelling errors in a file.

startx: Start the X Server (GUI)

shutdown: Shutdown machine

suspend: Places a shell in the background.

showmount: Shows mount information for an NFS server.

swapon: Turns on the swapfile.

swapoff: Turns off the swapfile.

testparm: Used to troubleshoot Samba.

tar: Used to compress multiple files.

timeconfig: Used to set the timezone on your machine.

tac: View a file from the last line up.

touch: Creates an empty file.

tail: Displays the last 10 lines of a file to the screen.

talk: Used to chat with another user on the same machine.

tr: Converts one set of characters to another.

traceroute: Used to track the path a packet takes to a host.

top: Shows information about the most CPU-intensive Apps.

useradd: Add a user.

usermod: Modify a user.

userdel: Delete a user.

umount: Removes a device from the filesystem.

updatedb: Updates the locate database.

uname: Determines OS name, version and machine name.

vmstat: Lists information on memory usage.

vi: A text editor

whereis: Finds documentation files.

who: Tells you who is logged into your server.

whoami: Tells you your user information.

wc: Print the number of bytes, words, and lines in files

which: Finds the full path for a command.

write: Used to send a message to another user.

whois: Used to query servers for info on.

wall: Writes a message to all logged in users.

xman: Graphical interface for man pages.

xf86config: Used to configure X.

zcat: Read files that have been compressed with gzip.

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