From Healthy to Disordered Behavior

Jane Ogden

1. Eating disorders. 2. Appetite disorders. 3. Food habits

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Book Details

Price	3.00
Pages	394 p
File Size	1,117 KB
File Type	PDF format
ISBN	978-1-4051-9121-0 (hardcover : alk. paper) 978-1-4051-9120-3 (pbk. : alk. paper)
Copyright©	2010 Jane Ogden

Introduction

Obesity and overweight are on the increase, eating disorders are becoming

more common, and many people diet to lose weight. In parallel, dietrelated

subjects are in vogue and over the past few years there has been an

explosion of interest in any aspect of diet, from healthy eating through to

eating disorders. The popular press offers features on diet, bookstores sell

books on healthy eating, and television producers broadcast documentaries

on people who are overweight, are underweight, have a solution to weight,

or need a solution to their weight. The academic and research literature

has also proliferated. Diet provides the focus for dieticians, nutritionists,

endocrinologists, geneticists, psychiatrists, sociologists, and a range of

psychologists from social, biological, health, and clinical psychology

perspectives. There are journals dedicated to the subject of diet, specialist

books produced, and conferences held to provide a forum for discussion.

This book aims to provide a detailed map of this expanding area.

This chapter covers the following:

• The aim of this book

• The focus of this book

• The structure of this book

• Further reading

The Aim of This Book

The literature on diet is vast and is contributed to by individuals with a

range of different interests. Some are interested in healthy eating, others

are concerned with eating-related problems, and most produce work

which is focused on their one area. Work is specialized to enable detailed

research and theoretical development. As a result the relationships between

different aspects of diet-related work become unclear. For example, healthy

eating provides a context for understanding obesity, but these two literatures

are often kept separate. Food choice offers a context for understanding

eating disorders, but the paths of these areas rarely cross. Dieting and body

dissatisfaction are relevant to understanding eating disorders, obesity, and

food choice but are only sometimes studied by the same people and written

about in the same papers and same books.

This book aims to provide a detailed map of the diet literature and to

cover the spectrum of eating behavior, from healthy eating through body

dissatisfaction and dieting to obesity and eating disorders. In doing so,

it aims to show how these different areas are related to each other and to

draw out some common themes which run through this immense body of work.

The Focus of This Book

Diet is studied from a range of different disciplinary and theoretical perspectives,

and a comprehensive understanding of diet cannot be achieved

without these different literatures. This book therefore includes literature

from a range of approaches such as nutrition, physiology, psychiatry, and

sociology. But the primary focus of the book is psychology. In particular,

this book draws on mainstream psychology in the form of developmental,

cognitive, clinical, social, and health psychology. It integrates this approach

with that from the psychotherapeutic literature which is often based on

clinical experience and informed by feminist or psychoanalytic perspectives.

This book therefore offers “the psychology of eating” in the broadest sense

and illustrates how a wealth of perspectives have been used to analyze this

complex area of work.

The second edition

It is now 5 years since I wrote the first edition of this book. During this

time the literature on eating behavior, obesity, and eating disorders has

proliferated, and concerns of unhealthy diets and eating problems are in

the public eye more than they have ever been. This second edition aims to

cover some of the newest research and address the latest thinking about

the psychology of eating in the broadest sense. Each chapter has been updated

with recent data derived from recent debates, reviews, and research studies.

I am aware that this book can never be an exhaustive overview of all the

literature relevant to eating behavior. But I hope that this second edition

will satisfy most researchers’ need for information or, if not, will at least

be able to provide them with a map and enable them to know where to

find out more.

Table of Contents

List of Figures viii

Foreword – Janet Polivy x

Acknowledgments xiii

Chapter 1 Introduction 1

The Aim of This Book 1

The Focus of This Book 2

The Structure of This Book 2

Further Reading 5

Chapter 2 Healthy Eating 8

What Is Healthy Eating? 8

The Role of Diet in Contributing to Illness 11

The Role of Diet in Treating Illness 16

Who Has a Healthy Diet? 20

The Impact of Health Concerns 27

A Note on Measuring Food Intake 28

Conclusion 30

Chapter 3 Food Choice 31

Developmental Models of Food Choice 32

Cognitive Models of Food Choice 43

Psychophysiological Models of Food Choice 49

Conclusion 61

Chapter 4 The Meaning of Food 63

Food Classification Systems 64

Food as a Statement of the Self 66

Food as Social Interaction 72

Food as Cultural Identity 74

Measuring Beliefs About the Meaning of Food 80

Conclusion 80

Chapter 5 The Meaning of Size 82

Media Representations 82

The Meaning of Sex 87

The Meaning of Size 88

Conclusion 96

Chapter 6 Body Dissatisfaction 97

What Is Body Dissatisfaction? 97

Who Is Dissatisfied With Their Body? 100

Causes of Body Dissatisfaction 105

Consequences of Body Dissatisfaction 112

Conclusion 115

Chapter 7 Dieting 116

Putting Dieting in Context 116

The Dieting Industry 121

What Is Dieting? 127

Dieting and Overeating 130

The Consequences of Dieting 138

Problems With Restraint Theory 142

Conclusion 146

Chapter 8 Obesity 148

What Is Obesity? 148

How Common Is Obesity? 151

What Are the Consequences of Obesity? 152

What Are the Causes of Obesity? 157

Physiological Theories 157

The Obesogenic Environment 163

Problems With Obesity Research 177

Conclusion 179

Chapter 9 Obesity Treatment 180

Doctors’ Beliefs About Obesity 180

Dietary Interventions 182

Should Obesity Be Treated at All? 187

The Treatment Alternatives 190

The Success Stories 201

Preventing Obesity 206

Conclusion 209

Chapter 10 Eating Disorders 211

Anorexia Nervosa 211

What Are the Consequences of Anorexia Nervosa? 220

Bulimia Nervosa 225

What Are the Consequences of Bulimia Nervosa? 230

Causes of Eating Disorders 233

Conclusion 252

Chapter 11 Treating Eating Disorders 254

Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy 255

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) 259

Family Therapy 264

Inpatient Treatment 267

An Integrated Approach to Treatment 273

Chapter 12 An Integrated Model of Diet 276

A Summary of the Literature on Diet 276

Common Themes Across the Literature on Eating Behavior 279

An Integrated Model of Diet 285

Conclusion 286

References 288

Author Index 351

Subject Index 365

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Further Reading

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the literature on diet from

healthy to disordered eating. Below is a guide to journals, books, and websites for

The Psychology of Eating, 2nd Edition

From Healthy to Disordered Behavior

Jane Ogden

1. Eating disorders. 2. Appetite disorders. 3. Food habits

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